Communication and Culture

O’Hair et al. (2018) state that the cultural context is made up of variables that make our perceptions unique: race, ethnicity, religion, politics, gender, sexual orientation, age, education, role, occupation, abilities/disabilities, geography, and even being wealthy or poor. These differences are known as diversity (Loden & Rosener, 1991).

The language reflects, builds on, and determines the situational, relational, cultural, and mediated context (O’Hair et al., 2018). Thus, our language choices should be monitored and appropriate to the relational, cultural, and situational context. Some strategies like code-switching, eye contact, active listening, and paraphrasing could help us communicate effectively in different scenarios.

Thinking about my communication skills and behavior, I found that they change depending on the situational context and the people I talk to. For example, when I communicated with colleagues, coworkers, and families in my previous job, I used to utilize a high language which is more formal, polite, or mainstream language (O’Hair et al., 2018). On the other hand, when I communicate with my family or friends, I utilize a low language that is more informal and often involves slang (O’Hair et al., 2018).

Three strategies that I could use to communicate more effectively with different people or groups are:

        - Become aware of non-verbal behaviors. Bearing in mind that non-verbal behaviors such as posture, movement, facial expressions, eye movements, gestures, and relative distance do not necessarily mean the same in all cultures (Gonzalez-Mena, 2010).

        - Engage in active listening. By participating in active listening, you can look for opportunities to select and attend to nonverbal messages or contextual clues that will help you understand the message a person is encoding and sending (O'Hair et al., 2018). We should not only speak but also pause and listen to the other person's opinion, perspective or idea.

        - Become other-oriented. Considering our partners' thoughts, feelings, backgrounds, perspectives, attitudes, and values and adjusting our interaction with them accordingly. We can adapt our behavior toward others in mindful and ethical ways (Beebe, Beebe & Redmond, 2011).

References

Beebe, S. A., Beebe, S. J., & Redmond, M. V. (2011). Interpersonal communication: Relating to others (6th ed.). Boston, MA: Allyn & Bacon.

Gonzalez-Mena, J. (2010). 50 strategies for communicating and working with diverse families. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson Education, Inc.

O'Hair, D., Wiemann, M., Mullin, D. I., & Teven, J. (2018). Real communication: An introduction (4th. ed). New York: Bedford/St. Martin's.





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