Communication and Culture
O’Hair et al. (2018) state that the cultural context is made up of variables that make our perceptions unique: race, ethnicity, religion, politics, gender, sexual orientation, age, education, role, occupation, abilities/disabilities, geography, and even being wealthy or poor. These differences are known as diversity (Loden & Rosener, 1991).
The language reflects,
builds on, and determines the situational, relational, cultural, and mediated
context (O’Hair et al., 2018). Thus, our language choices should be monitored
and appropriate to the relational, cultural, and situational context. Some
strategies like code-switching, eye contact, active listening, and paraphrasing
could help us communicate effectively in different scenarios.
Thinking about my
communication skills and behavior, I found that they change depending on the
situational context and the people I talk to. For example, when I communicated
with colleagues, coworkers, and families in my previous job, I used to utilize
a high language which is more formal, polite, or mainstream language (O’Hair et
al., 2018). On the other hand, when I communicate with my family or friends, I
utilize a low language that is more informal and often involves slang (O’Hair
et al., 2018).
Three strategies that I
could use to communicate more effectively with different people or groups are:
- Become aware of
non-verbal behaviors. Bearing in mind that non-verbal behaviors such as
posture, movement, facial expressions, eye movements, gestures, and relative distance
do not necessarily mean the same in all cultures (Gonzalez-Mena, 2010).
- Engage in active
listening. By participating in active listening, you can look for opportunities
to select and attend to nonverbal messages or contextual clues that will help
you understand the message a person is encoding and sending (O'Hair et al.,
2018). We should not only speak but also pause and listen to the other person's
opinion, perspective or idea.
- Become other-oriented.
Considering our partners' thoughts, feelings, backgrounds, perspectives,
attitudes, and values and adjusting our interaction with them accordingly. We
can adapt our behavior toward others in mindful and ethical ways (Beebe, Beebe
& Redmond, 2011).
References
Beebe, S. A., Beebe, S.
J., & Redmond, M. V. (2011). Interpersonal communication: Relating to others
(6th ed.). Boston, MA: Allyn & Bacon.
Gonzalez-Mena, J. (2010). 50
strategies for communicating and working with diverse families. Upper
Saddle River, NJ: Pearson Education, Inc.
O'Hair, D., Wiemann, M.,
Mullin, D. I., & Teven, J. (2018). Real communication: An introduction (4th.
ed). New York: Bedford/St. Martin's.
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